Human adaptive immune response consists of three major types of cells, namely, CD4 T cells, CTL (Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes), and antibodies. CTL attack and kill cells that are infected by viruses. Antibodies are capable of ...

Numerous statistical methods have been developed to explore genomic imprinting and maternal effects, which are causes of parent-of-origin patterns in complex human diseases. However, most of them either only model one ...

Evolutionary processes are inherently stochastic, since we can never know with certainty exactly how many descendants an individual will leave, or what the phenotypes of those descendants will be. Despite this, models of ...