Tolerance and Growth of a Terrestrial Cyanobacterium, Nostoc sp. HK-01 Under Harsh Environments

Date

2017-07-16

Journal Title

Journal ISSN

Volume Title

Publisher

47th International Conference on Environmental Systems

Abstract

Terrestrial cyanobacteria can be utilized for material circulation for a manned Mars mission, because of their photosynthetic ability, nitrogen fixation ability and tolerance to extraterrestrial environments. Dried colonies of a terrestrial cyanobacterium, Nostoc sp. HK-01, have high tolerances to vacuum, UV, gamma-rays, heavy particle beams and dry heat. Nostoc sp. HK-01 has several different types of cells in its life cycle. Akinete (dormant cell) is the cell type which has a tolerance to dry heat in Nostoc sp. HK-01. Nostoc sp. HK-01 would be able to survive under in extraterrestrial environments, and could easily be transported to Mars in its dormant state (akinete). Some functional substances which provide tolerance against heat exist in the akinete cells. Before we introduce Nostoc sp. HK-01 to Mars’ environments, we need to understand its growth in an environment with poor nutrition. We tested whether akinetes of HK-01 can grow using components of their dead cells or/and Martian regolith simulant. We will discuss the possibility that a colony of Nostoc sp. HK-01 can be grown in an environment with poor nutrition. Nostoc sp. HK-01 could contribute to soil formation from Martian regolith, so that plants could grow. Nostoc sp. HK-01 is a good candidate for an initial organism to introduce into the Martian environment.

Description

Shunta Kimura, University of Tsukuba, Japan
Kotomi Inoue, University of Tsukuba, Japan
Hiroshi Katoh, Life Science Research Center - Mie University, Japan
Sosaku Ichikawa, University of Tsukuba, Japan
Kaori Tomita-Yokotani, University of Tsukuba, Japan
ICES204: Bioregenerative Life Support
The 47th International Conference on Environmental Systems was held in South Carolina, USA on 16 July 2017 through 20 July 2017.

Keywords

Akinete, Cyanobacteria, Dry Heat Tolerance, Martian regolith simulant, Nostoc sp. HK-01, Space Agriculture

Citation