Vehicle to grid (V2G) for reliable microgrid operation: Voltage/frequency regulation and real-time OPAL-RT digital simulation

In this thesis work, we will achieve a decent voltage and frequency regulation in an islanding microgrid. In this project we will consider an emergency situation that happens by a fault or blackout so the system will be disconnected from the grid, in a concept that a home (or residence) is equipped with a PV (Photovoltaic) system and Electric Vehicle (EV) with V2G/V2H (Vehicle to Grid or Vehicle to Home) capability. A Phase to ground Fault (blackout) will be applied to the system to make it islanded; Purpose is to challenge the voltage and frequency and reach the regulation for this designed control system. Droop strategy and virtual inertia will be utilized in a unique Unified control with Virtual Inertia, further by adding another unique approach to the MPPT algorithm, by designing an active power point tracking system to give the system an extra capability for controlling the power flow with setting a reference voltage for DC link. In the end, it will be simulated by utilizing a real-time simulator (Opal-RT). This system should achieve the stability by this control method with the ability for fast-tracking either under a temporary fault, load change, connections, and disconnections or a sudden change in PV’s power production. This Thesis details the designs and modeling of a Home with a particular load profile. Simulink of Matlab is chosen as the simulation tool based on the ability to evaluate both transient and steady-state behavior. Furthermore, OPAL-RT will be utilized by using the RTLAB software for our real-time results.