The purpose of this dissertation is to explore the welfare gains from product varieties in international trade. The first chapter of the dissertation measures welfare gains from imported product varieties in the OECD countries during 2001 and 2014 by calculating the aggregate exact import price index. This chapter also test how strong welfare gains from imported product varieties by considering import shares changes in large and small open economies. The second chapter conducts an empirical analysis to test the relationship of the growth of export output varieties and TFP enhancement in an endogenous growth model between China and the United States during 2001-2014

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