2023-05-112023-05-112021Manishimwe, R., Moncada, P.M., Musanayire, V., Shyaka, A., Morgan, Scott, H., & Loneragan, G.H.. 2021. Antibiotic-resistant escherichia coli and salmonella from the feces of food animals in the east province of Rwanda. Animals, 11(4). https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11041013https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11041013https://hdl.handle.net/2346/93480© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. cc-byIn Rwanda, information on antibiotic resistance in food animals is scarce. This study was conducted to detect and phenotypically characterize antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli and Salmonella in feces of cattle, goats, pigs, and poultry in the East province of Rwanda. We isolated non-type-specific (NTS) E. coli and Salmonella using plain culture media. In addition, we used Mac-Conkey agar media supplemented with cefotaxime at 1.0 μg/mL and ciprofloxacin at 0.5 μg/mL to increase the probability of detecting E. coli with low susceptibility to third-generation cephalospor-ins and quinolones, respectively. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using the disk diffusion test. Among 540 NTS E. coli isolates, resistance to tetracycline was the most frequently ob-served (35.6%), followed by resistance to ampicillin (19.6%) and streptomycin (16.5%). Percentages of NTS E. coli resistant to all three antibiotics and percentages of multidrug-resistant strains were higher in isolates from poultry. All isolated Salmonella were susceptible to all antibiotics. The sam-ple-level prevalence for resistance to third-generation cephalosporins was estimated at 35.6% with all third-generation cephalosporin-resistant E. coli, expressing an extended-spectrum beta-lac-tamase phenotype. The sample-level prevalence for quinolone resistance was estimated at 48.3%. These results provided a baseline for future research and the development of integrated surveillance initiatives.engAntibiotic resistanceE. coliFood animalsRwandaSalmonellaArticle