Browsing by Author "Arveng, Magnus"
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Item Astronaut Smart Glove: A Human-Machine Interface For the Exploration of the Moon, Mars, and Beyond(2020 International Conference on Environmental Systems, 2020-07-31) Lee, Pascal; McKay, Christopher; Quinn, Gregory; Chase, Tom; Tamuly, Moina; Tagestad, Sondre; Pettersen, Haakon; Arveng, Magnus; Oygard, Frank; Dotson, Brandon; Schutt, John; Rohrig, JakeAstronauts exploring the Moon, Mars and beyond will be assisted by robotic systems to render their work more efficient, productive, and safe. Among these, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) or drones (airplanes, rotorcraft, or gas thrustered flyers), hold great promise, as they may assist astronauts in a wide range of science and exploration activities. UAV operations, however, are presently demanding tasks. Conventional drone interfaces require significant dexterity and situational awareness to enable subtle and rapid real-time control inputs. Such interfacing would be inadequate if the drone operator were wearing a pressurized spacesuit, as the latter fundamentally limits an astronaut’s ability to perceive and interact with the extra-vehicular environment. During the 2019 campaign of the NASA Haughton-Mars Project (HMP) on Devon Island, High Arctic, an established Moon and Mars analog field research site, a novel concept for a wireless human-machine interface (HMI) called “Astronaut Smart Glove”(ASG) was field-tested in partially simulated, unpressurized astronaut extra-vehicular activity (EVA). The ASG, along with its compact in-suit augmented reality (AR) head-mounted display (HMD), were evaluated for their potential adequacy in allowing UAVs to be operated by a suited astronaut. The ASG showed promise in being able to address both the dexterity and situational awareness limitations of spacesuits by allowing an astronaut to operate single-handedly, within conservative work envelopes for EVA hand operations, a UAV via low amplitude, intuitive gestures of one hand, and in head-up mode via direct visual contact with the UAV and/or in First Person View (FPV) using the AR display. While the ASG offers the prospect of enabling a wide range of robotic operations in future human exploration, further studies are needed to understand better the system’s potential limitations, in particular higher fidelity tests using a pressurized suit, and field demonstrations of end-to-end EVA surface science and exploration operations.Item Development and Test of a Spacesuit Informatics System for Moon, Mars, and Further Deep-Space Exploration(51st International Conference on Environmental Systems, 7/10/2022) Rohrig, Jake; Himmelmann, Ashley; Torralba, Monica; Quinn, Gregory; Lee, Pascal; Dalal, Sawan; Arveng, Magnus; Tamuly, Moina; Lysberg, JosteinToday, crewmembers use paper cuff checklists, a 12-digit LED display, and oversight from Mission Control to attain mission situational awareness. As humans explore deeper into space and expand our presence outside of low Earth orbit, the demand for on-location situational awareness independent of Earth operations grows substantially. In the case of Mars exploration, real-time oversight and communication from Mission Control are not possible. These future crews will need to have cognizance of suit and consumable status; location, terrain, and heading for navigation; personal and team biometric information; access to procedures, checklists, and data; and the ability to review and record field notes, among other capabilities. Collins Aerospace is developing an Information Technologies and Informatics Subsystem (IT IS) that includes these features to provide intuitive, Earth-independent situational awareness to astronauts. The IT IS uses an in-helmet head-up display (HUD) and a natural language interface (NLI) for instinctive, convenient interaction between the crewmember and the spacesuit. Human-robotic collaboration capabilities were also added to aid in exploration and sample collection. By combining Ntention�s Interaction Framework and associated Astronaut Smart Glove (ASG) with the Collins� IT IS, a new multi-modal Astronaut Interaction System (AIS) was generated that allows crewmembers to use robotic assets through verbal commands and physical gestures. During the 2021 Haughton Mars Project (HMP) field campaign, these systems were integrated into an analog spacesuit and tested in a relevant environment. This paper reports on the need for an informatics suite and interaction system, providing a brief review of informatics testing at HMP that preceded the 2021 field tests, a statement of the 2021 HMP test objectives, a description of the technologies enabling the fielded solution, and the results of the field tests.