Browsing by Author "Gadberry, Jenna D."
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Item A canine model to evaluate the effect of exercise intensity and duration on olfactory detection limits: the running nose(2024) Aviles-Rosa, Edgar (TTU); Schultz, Jöerg; Maughan, Michele N.; Gadberry, Jenna D.; DiPasquale, Dana M.; Farr, Brian; Henderson, Andrea; Best, Eric; Discepolo, Dakota R.; Buckley, Patricia; Perry, Erin B.; Zoran, Debra L.; Hall, Nathaniel J. (TTU)Detection canines serve critical roles to support the military, homeland security and border protection. Some explosive detection tasks are physically demanding for dogs, and prior research suggests this can lead to a reduction in olfactory detection sensitivity. To further evaluate the effect of exercise intensity on olfactory sensitivity, we developed a novel olfactory paradigm that allowed us to measure olfactory detection thresholds while dogs exercised on a treadmill at two different exercise intensities. Dogs (n = 3) showed a decrement in olfactory detection for 1-bromooctane at 10−3 (v/v) dilutions and lower under greater exercise intensity. Dogs' hit rate for the lowest concentration dropped from 0.87 ± 0.04 when walking at low intensity to below 0.45 ± 0.06 when trotting at moderate intensity. This decline had an interaction with the duration of the session in moderate intensity exercise, whereby dogs performed near 100% detection in the first 10 min of the 8 km/h session, but showed 0% detection after 20 min. Hit rates for high odor concentrations (10−2) were relatively stable at both low (1 ± 0.00) and moderate (0.91 ± 0.04) exercise intensities. The paradigm and apparatus developed here may be useful to help further understand causes of operationally relevant olfactory detection threshold decline in dogs.Item Calibrating canines—a universal detector calibrant for detection dogs(2024) Maughan, Michele N.; Gadberry, Jenna D.; Sharpes, Caitlin E.; Buckley, Patricia E.; Miklos, Aleksandr E.; Furton, Kenneth G.; DeGreeff, Lauryn E.; Hall, Nathaniel J. (TTU); Greubel, Robin R.; Sloan, Katylynn B.Since the advent of the Universal Detector Calibrant (UDC) by scientists at Florida International University in 2013, this tool has gone largely unrecognized and under-utilized by canine scent detection practitioners. The UDC is a chemical that enables reliability testing of biological and instrumental detectors. Training a biological detector, such as a scent detection canine, to respond to a safe, non-target, and uncommon compound has significant advantages. For example, if used prior to a search, the UDC provides the handler with the ability to confirm the detection dog is ready to work without placing target odor on site (i.e., a positive control), thereby increasing handler confidence in their canine and providing documentation of credibility that can withstand legal scrutiny. This review describes the UDC, summarizes its role in canine detection science, and addresses applications for UDC within scent detection canine development, training, and testing.Item Chemical Characterization of Human Body Odor Headspace Components(2024) Medrano, A. Celeste (TTU); Cantu, Ariela (TTU); Aviles-Rosa, Edgar O. (TTU); Hall, Nathaniel J. (TTU); Maughan, Michele N.; Gadberry, Jenna D.; Prada-Tiedemann, Paola A. (TTU)This study focused on evaluating human body odor volatiles using a chamber approach. Ten participants were asked to sit inside the chamber for 1 h, while using SPME as the extraction technique for vapor sampling. A total of 105 compounds were detected across participants, with nonanal having the highest frequency. PCA statistical analysis depicted tighter clustering in female whole-body odor profiles when compared to males, thus corroborating gender odor differences. Concurrently, various biospecimens (hand, axillary, breath) from the same participants allowed for a comparison between whole-body and individual biospecimen odor signatures. When comparing whole-body sampling and distinctive biospecimens, nonanal and decanal were the only odor volatiles shared. Statistical clustering depicted higher similarity within the odor profiles of individual biospecimens compared to odor profiles of the whole body, indicating distinctiveness of the odor chemical landscape as a function of sampling region. Overall, this study demonstrated that SPME-GC/MS methodology was successful in the extraction, detection, and identification of previously reported human scent volatiles when employing the human chamber for whole-body sampling. Our presented testing paradigm allows for a direct comparison of odor volatiles across the full body and specific body locations that allows odor markers to be furthered exploited for diagnostic and biological detection contexts.