Browsing by Author "Johnson, Paul"
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Item Interfaith marriage counseling: Perspectives and practices among Christian Ministers(2011-05) Chapman, Kyle A.; Johnson, Paul; Dunham, Charlotte C.Members of the clergy provide a unique perspective to couples entering pre-marital counseling. The basis for most insights provided by the counseling is derived from church policies and procedures as well as personal and professional opinions and experience. When individuals in a relationship come from different faiths, guidelines and policy may differ or may even be contradictory, and these differences may have a direct effect on the delivery, substance, and outcome of premarital counseling. These differences may thus have an indirect effect on the effectiveness of the premarital preparation. The purpose of this study is to explore and identify differences among clergy/ministers in their practices and beliefs concerning the counseling of couples composed of one Christian and one non-Christian as well as demonstrate how those in interfaith marriages are different than couples from different Christian traditions. More specifically, the study will examine the degree to which religious policies and procedures as well as clergy’s own personal and professional opinions and empathy affect the challenge to accommodate interfaith couples. The study will also examine the difficulties that occur when a minister must serve in a religious advisory role given their individual stance on religious intermarriage.Item The origins and effects of "Colorism" in Latin America: A case study of Mexico and Brazil(2009-05) Gonzalez, Cesar J.; Johnson, Paul; Bradatan, CristinaThe purpose of this thesis is to explore how skin color affects a person’s status in the society. The effects of skin color allows for finer distinctions than provided by major racial categories. The study of skin color (colorism), rather than race categories, allows for finer distinctions in the Latin American context, where there are a large number of people of mixed races. The subject of racism and white privilege almost invariably pertains to differences between blacks and white in America without consideration of the effects the variations of skin tones have on the social hierarchy. This thesis will examine the topic of colorism by taking into account: 1) the geographical and historical factors which were involved in creation of white racial superiority in Latin America and 2) the role played by the independence movements in creating and maintaining colorism in the regionItem Tolerance as a way of life(2008-08) Clark, Jeffrey Nawrocki; Tsai, Yung-Mei; Johnson, PaulThe purpose of this study will be to redefine the nature and source of tolerance through an analysis of the complex patterns of interdependence that develop in urban environments. Some of the most crucial developments in this process include the following: 1) Increased need for interaction among diverse types of people, 2) symbols and other forms of commonality external to the individual, and 3) development of institutions and mechanisms for regulating such interaction and upholding such symbols. First, literatures on urban sociology and research on civil liberties are used to create an urbanism- tolerance paradigm. Short comings of urbanism are discussed through more detailed views of the composition of populations and the potential for subcultural development. I then argue that past efforts to explain tolerance have been biased by attitudinal measures of the extension of civil liberties. Review of the historic context of urbanism and tolerance show that toleration of differences, at the structural level, is quite prevalent and that tolerant behavior is, in fact, a way of life.Item Toxicological evaluations of cyclopiazonic acid and ochratoxin A in broilers(1999) Gentles, A. (TTU); Smith, E. E. (TTU); Kubena, L. F.; Duffus, E.; Johnson, Paul; Thompson, J.; Harvey, R. B. (TTU); Edrington, T. S.The individual and combined effects of ochratoxin A (OA) and cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) were evaluated in Petersen x Hubbard broiler chickens from 1 d to 3 wk of age. The experimental design was a 2 × 2 factorial with treatments of 0 and 2.5 mg OA/kg feed and 0 and 34 mg CPA/kg feed. Production performance, serum biochemistry, and gross pathological observations were evaluated. Body weight gain was reduced (P < 0.05) by OA, CPA, and OA-CPA in combination at the end of 3 wk. Ochratoxin A significantly increased the relative weight of the kidney and serum concentrations of uric acid and triglycerides and decreased total protein, albumin, and cholesterol. The toxicity of CPA was expressed primarily through increased relative weights of the proventriculus and increased activity of creatine kinase. Exposure to OA-CPA was characterized by increased relative weights of the liver, kidney, pancreas, and proventriculus; decreased concentrations of serum albumin, total protein, and cholesterol; increased activity of creatine kinase; and increased concentrations of triglycerides and uric acid. Postmortem examination revealed that the chickens fed CPA or OA-CPA had thickened mucosa and dilated proventricular lumen. Data from this study demonstrate that OA, CPA, and the OA-CPA combination can limit broiler performance and adversely affect broiler health. The interaction of the compounds was primarily additive or less than additive in the parameter in which the interaction occurred.