Browsing by Author "Pailes-Friedman, Rebeccah"
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Item Bringing it Home: Finding Synergies Between Earth and Space Construction and Design(51st International Conference on Environmental Systems, 7/10/2022) Ciardullo, Christina; Pailes-Friedman, Rebeccah; Morris, Michael; Clinton, Raymond; Edmunson, Jennifer; Fiske, MichaelThe highly specific environmental and design constraints of occupied space habitats has often isolated the efforts of systems designers to aerospace applications, leaving traditional terrestrial architects also isolated from the technological developments available in the space industry. Yet recent efforts to consider surface habitation on the Moon and Mars, as well as efforts in the Earth construction community to push for smart, sustainable, and autonomous habitats have emphasized the natural overlaps between design and construction in all built environment applications regardless of location. The same sustainable development objectives of creating safer, healthier, and more circular economies in the built environment on Earth are shared with the development of safe, healthy, and closed loop habitation systems for space. However, while there is widespread belief in these potential values, and demonstration of spin-off technologies subsequent to space applications development, the ability for space and earth systems to be co-developed simultaneously in practice is examined. This paper describes the process of creating value across multiple stakeholders in the space and earth construction and design industries. By understanding the overlaps between the language and ontologies used by the earth sector to define project objectives with those used to describe space design requirements, a series of venn diagram exercises allowed stakeholders to reveal synergies in Construction Means and Methods, Material Innovation, Human Centered Design, and Sustainable Design Strategies. Many of these overlaps are at the surface intuitive, but the formal identification of these shared values and perhaps more critically, their limitations in practice, provides insight on the potential opportunities and challenges for co-development activities across previously isolated design sectors.Item Mars X-House: Design Principles for an Autonomously 3D-Printed ISRU Surface Habitat(49th International Conference on Environmental Systems, 2019-07-07) Yashar, Melodie; Ciardullo, Christina; Morris, Michael; Pailes-Friedman, Rebeccah; Moses, Robert; Case, DanielMARS X-HOUSE V.1 and MARS X-HOUSE V.2 demonstrate architectural principles applied through an evidence-based process supporting two concepts of operations for autonomous construction of a pioneering and durable habitat supporting future missions to Mars. The two habitat designs have evolved in parallel to research advancing the viability of cementitious 3D-Printing in off-world construction, and present a scheme to develop an ISRU-based concrete material for future Mars infrastructure and habitat development. SEArch+ and Apis Cor are participants within NASA’s Phase III Centennial Challenge for a 3D-Printed Habitat on Mars, winning first place in Construction Levels 1 and 2, fourth place in Virtual Design Level 1 (60% Design), and first place in Virtual Design Level 2 (100% Design). MARS X HOUSE celebrates innovations in radiation shielding while allowing natural light to penetrate the structure, supporting the astronauts’ physiological and psychological well-being in a long-duration mission. Our human-centered approach prioritizes safety, redundancy, and the wellbeing of the crew above the Martian surface. Rather than burying habitats underground, the designs of MARS X-HOUSE seek to exceed current radiation standards through a combination of thermoplastic, fibrous, and cementitious materials while safely connecting the crew to natural light and views to the Martian landscape. In conversation with ISRU, planetary, and radiation experts, new studies (Cucinotta et al.) indicate that the density of Mars atmosphere along the horizon can allow light transmission up to 30° above the horizon. This critical finding enables a relaxation of constraints and supports architectural concepts featuring windows and apertures allowing vistas to the Martian surface. Research indicating whether concrete structures may indeed contain an atmosphere in off-world conditions remains inconclusive. The evidence-based process of MARS X-HOUSE 1 and 2 advances research supporting the structural and material development of additively-manufactured airtight structures, essential for future surface habitats on the Moon and Mars.Item Project Olympus: Off-World Additive Construction for Lunar Surface Infrastructure(50th International Conference on Environmental Systems, 7/12/2021) Yashar, Melodie; Ballard, Jason; Jensen, Evan; Morris, Michael; Pailes-Friedman, Rebeccah; Elshanshoury, Waleed; Esfandabadi, Mahsa; Netti, Vittorio; Rajkumar, Albert; Gomez, David; Guzeev, AlexanderIn Project Olympus, ICON and SEArch+ have developed design schematics for critical surface infrastructure necessary for a permanent lunar base. In 2020 ICON was awarded an SBIR contribution from Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) to contribute to NASA Marshall�s Moon-to-Mars Planetary Autonomous Construction Technologies (MMPACT) initiative. ICON will first demonstrate additive manufacturing capabilities for horizontal structures such as roads and landing pads, followed by demonstrations of vertical structures, including unpressurized radiation shelters as well as habitats. In 2020, ICON employed SEArch+ to develop design schematics for mission-critical surface construction elements for a lunar settlement, including concepts for surface-site deployment, construction sequencing, and structural design. The design process was informed by discussions with key ICON engineers and NASA collaborators. The exchange not only ensured the constructibility of designs according to hardware and material processing limitations, but also enabled the architectural process to influence and shape hardware requirements as they were being defined. The ensuing habitat design, titled the �Lunar Lantern� for its double-protective outer shield structure, celebrates and promotes a design approach driven by human factors principles to ensure the safety and security of future crew. As a whole, Project Olympus envisions the construction of durable, self-maintaining, and resilient surface structures enabled by advanced 3D-printing technologies.