Browsing by Author "Raza, Ali"
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Item Ethanol-mediated cold stress tolerance in sorghum seedlings through photosynthetic adaptation, antioxidant defense, and osmoprotectant enhancement(2024) Ghosh, Protik Kumar; Sultana, Sharmin; Keya, Sanjida Sultana (TTU); Nihad, Sheikh Arafat Islam; Shams, Shahjadi Nur Us; Hossain, Md Saddam; Tahiat, Tanjim; Rahman, Md Abiar; Rahman, Md Mezanur (TTU); Raza, AliSorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.), an often overlooked but vital staple crop, suffers severe obstacles in growth and yield due to temperature fluctuations, especially low temperatures. Therefore, scientists nowadays pay impulsive attention to overcoming the deleterious consequences of cold stress (CS) in sorghum. Our current investigations revealed that the application of ethanol (0.2 %) to the root zone of sorghum plants enhanced biomass production, improved gas-exchange features and the levels of photosynthetic pigments, and enhanced leaf relative water content, which collectively contributed to a significant enhancement in the growth performance of sorghum seedlings when subjected to CS conditions (8 °C). Exposure to CS leads to a substantial buildup of reactive oxygen species (ROS), notably hydrogen peroxide, along with elevated levels of malondialdehyde and electrolyte leakage in sorghum leaves, unequivocally indicating the occurrence of oxidative stress in sorghum seedlings. In contrast, the addition of 0.2 % ethanol demonstrated a remarkable ability to alleviate the oxidative burden caused by ROS by substantially enhancing the activities of key antioxidant enzymes, including catalase, peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase and ascorbate peroxidase, and the level of total flavonoids, within the leaves of sorghum seedlings subjected to CS. Furthermore, ethanol treatment exhibited additional benefits by increasing the levels of total soluble sugars and total free amino acids in sorghum seedlings, which are likely to play a pivotal role in maintaining osmotic balance in response to CS. In conclusion, our findings highlight the defensive mechanism modulated by ethanol in promoting the adaptation mechanisms of sorghum seedlings for abatement of cold-induced damage.Item Salt stress tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa L.): A proteomic overview of recent advances and future prospects(2024) Hasan, Md Mahadi; Rahman, Md Atikur; Corpas, Francisco J.; Rahman, Md Mezanur (TTU); Jahan, Mohammad Shah; Liu, Xu‐Dong D.; Ghimire, Shantwana; Alabdallah, Nadiyah M.; Wassem, Muhammad; Alharbi, Basmah M.; Raza, Ali; Fang, XiangwenSalt stress is one of the major impairments to agricultural soil that significantly reduces growth and productivity in rice (Oryza sativa L.) and other crop plants. The proteomic mechanisms underlying salt stress tolerance in rice have not been well established. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of molecular mechanisms associated with salt signaling, salt-toxicity detoxification, and other metabolic mechanisms is essential for elucidating salt tolerance mechanisms in rice as well as ensuring global food security. Recent proteome studies have provided a global proteomic signature of rice cultivars. Integrative studies of proteomic, physiological, and molecular responses under salt stress have provided detailed mechanisms associated with salt stress tolerance in rice. This review explores the proteomic mechanisms with finely-tuned salt-responsive networks in this cereal. Several proteomic processes, including salt sensing and signaling, scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and stress defense, salt compartmentalization and homeostasis, alterations of cell wall components, modulation of the cytoskeleton, regulation of salt-responsive genes, transcription factors, and protein synthesis, protein folding and processing, protein degradation, and strategies of carbohydrate and energy metabolism for organ development, elucidate extensive molecular mechanisms linked to salt stress responses and tolerance in rice. Further, it is updated the prospects of salt stress tolerance in rice using multi-omics and CRISPR/Cas approaches. These finely-tuned molecular insights will be beneficial to rice breeders and farmers for developing high-yielding, salt-tolerant rice cultivars to achieve global food security.