Browsing by Author "Rutz, Jeffrey A."
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Item Chemical Characterization of ISS Potable Water Collected in 2017(48th International Conference on Environmental Systems, 2018-07-08) Straub, John E. II; Plumlee, Debrah K.; Wallace, William T.; Alverson, James T.; Benoit, Mickie J.; Gillispie, Robert L.; Hunter, David; Kuo, Mike; Rutz, Jeffrey A.; Hudson, Edgar K.; Loh, Leslie J.; Gazda, Daniel B.This paper presents and discusses results from chemical analyses performed on archive potable water samples collected in the U.S. Segment of the International Space Station (ISS) during Expeditions 50-53. The sixth increase in the total organic carbon (TOC) concentration of the water produced by the U.S. water processor assembly (WPA) began during Expedition 50. Despite an initially precipitous climb, the TOC trend reversed several times and levels remained well below the potability limit. There have been five prior instances of organic contaminants breaking through the treatment process into the WPA product water since the system became operational in 2008. Contaminant breakthrough was signaled each time by an increase in TOC measured by the onboard TOC analyzer (TOCA). In all previous instances, the WPA multifiltration beds were replaced and the TOC concentration returned to nominal levels. The archival sample results discussed herein indicate that dimethylsilanediol (DMSD) was the primary compound responsible for the latest increase.Item ISS Potable Water Sampling and Chemical Analysis Results for 2016(47th International Conference on Environmental Systems, 2017-07-16) Straub, John E. I I; Plumlee, Debrah K.; Wallace, William T.; Alverson, James T.; Benoit, Mickie J.; Gillispie, Robert L.; Hunter, David; Kuo, Mike; Rutz, Jeffrey A.; Hudson, Edgar K.; Loh, Leslie J.; Gazda, Daniel B.This paper continues the annual tradition, at this conference, of summarizing the results of chemical analyses performed on archival potable water samples returned from the International Space Station (ISS). 2016 represented a banner year for life aboard the ISS, including the successful conclusion for 2 crewmembers of a record 1-year mission. Water reclaimed from urine and/or humidity condensate remained the primary source of potable water for the crewmembers of ISS Expeditions 46-50. The year was also marked by the end of a long-standing tradition of U.S. sampling and monitoring of Russian Segment potable water sources. Two water samples, taken during Expedition 46 and returned on Soyuz 44 in March 2016, represented the final Russian Segment samples to be collected and analyzed by the U.S. side. Although anticipated for 2016, a rise in the total organic carbon (TOC) concentration of the product water from the U.S. water processor assembly due to breakthrough of organic contaminants from the system did not materialize, as evidenced by the onboard TOC analyzer and archival sample results.