Fabrication of nanofiber mats with microstructure gradient by cone electrospinning

As a versatile nanofiber manufacturing technique, electrospinning has been widely used for tissue engineering scaffold fabrication. However, it remains challenging to create scaffolds with anisotropic microstructure close to native tissues. This article presented a novel electrospinning configuration to generate fibrous mat with microstructure gradient. A series of proof-of-concept tests were performed to investigate the effects of process parameters on the gradient of nanofiber morphology and mat attributes. The technique developed in this study showed great potentials as a fabrication platform for heterogenous nanofiber products.